Yesturday NVIDIA released an official disasembler for sm_1.x (pre-Fermi) real hardware ISA. It's like an official version of DECUDA :-) (that Wladimir stopped to develop)
It takes either an ELF CUDA binary, a cubin or even an exe file, and provides the low level assembly code of the CUDA kernels.
It is only available for registered developer for now, but you can get a little more information the CUDA forum.

That's something a lot of developers have been asking for for a while. That allows to see the impact of optimizations on the real microcode, and it is particularly important for register usage for instance (since registers allocations is done after the PTX level).
Nice NVIDIA finally end up unveiling it's real hardware ISA instructions. AMD is still a little bit ahead on this since the ISA instructions and microcode is available even for the Evergreen architecture (RV870): http://developer.amd.com/gpu/ATIStreamSDK/assets/AMD_Evergreen-Family_ISA_Instructions_and_Microcode.pdf